Karabük (dikmen) yöresi karaçam (Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) ormanlarında yükselti ve bakının bazı morfolojik karakterler üzerine etkisi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
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Yayıncı
Karabük Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, topografik faktörlerden yükselti ve bakının karaçamın dış morfolojik karakterleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışma alanı, Dikmen Orman İşletme Şefliği (Karabük) sınırları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Araştırma alanında, 3 farklı yükselti basamağı (700-900, 900-1100 ve 1100-1300 m) ve iki bakı (Kuzey ve Güney) grubunda doğal ve saf karaçam meşcereleri seçilmiştir. Örnek alanlarda belirlenen toplam 78 ağacın her birinden elde edilen 20 ibre ve 20 kozalak üzerinde, ibre uzunluğu, ibre genişliği, ibre kalınlığı, kın boyu, kozalak boyu, kozalak eni değerleri ölçülmüştür ve kozalak en/boy oranı hesaplanmıştır.
Yapılan tüm ölçümler sonucunda ortalama ibre uzunluğu 126,02 mm, ibre genişliği 1,48 mm, ibre kalınlığı 0,78 mm ve kın boyu 17,37 mm olarak belirlenirken; ortalama
kozalak boyu 57,13 mm, kozalak eni 27,39 mm ve kozalak en/boy oranı ise 0,49 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Çalışmada, ibre ve kozalaklara ait morfolojik özelliklerde yükselti ve bakı gruplarına bağlı olarak değişimlerin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla, elde edilen veriler üzerinde çok değişkenli varyans analizi (MANOVA) ve Tukey HSD testi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; en kısa ibre ve kınlar en düşük yükseltide kaydedilmiştir. Yine aynı yükselti basamağının kuzey bakı grubundaki meşcerenin, diğer tüm meşcerelerden daha kalın ve daha geniş ibrelere sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Morfolojik karakterler arasında en belirgin değişim kozalak genişliklerinde kaydedilmiştir. Yükselti arttıkça kozalak genişliklerinin de arttığı saptanmıştır.
In this study, the effects of topographic factors such as altitude and aspect on the external morphological characters of black pine were investigated. The study area is located within the borders of Dikmen Forest Planning Unit (Karabük). In the research area, natural and pure black pine stands were selected in three different elevation steps (700-900, 900-1100 and 1100-1300 m) and two aspect groups (North and South). Needle length, needle width, needle thickness, sheath length, cone length, cone width values were measured on 20 needles and 20 cones obtained from each of the 78 trees determined in the sample areas, and the cone width/height ratio was calculated. All measurements showed that the average needle length was 126,02 mm, the average needle width was 1,48 mm, the average needle thickness was 0,78 mm, and the average sheath length was 17,37 mm. The average cone length was 57,13 mm, the average cone width was 27,39 mm, and the average cone width/height ratio was 0,49. Following the measurements, the data was subjected to the Tukey HSD test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to ascertain how the elevation and aspect groups affected the needle and cone properties. According to the analysis results; the shortest needles and sheaths were recorded at the lowest elevation. Again, it was determined that the stand in the northern aspect group of the same elevation step had thicker and wider needles than all other stands. The most significant change among morphological characters was recorded in cone widths. It was discovered that cone widths grew as altitude increased.
In this study, the effects of topographic factors such as altitude and aspect on the external morphological characters of black pine were investigated. The study area is located within the borders of Dikmen Forest Planning Unit (Karabük). In the research area, natural and pure black pine stands were selected in three different elevation steps (700-900, 900-1100 and 1100-1300 m) and two aspect groups (North and South). Needle length, needle width, needle thickness, sheath length, cone length, cone width values were measured on 20 needles and 20 cones obtained from each of the 78 trees determined in the sample areas, and the cone width/height ratio was calculated. All measurements showed that the average needle length was 126,02 mm, the average needle width was 1,48 mm, the average needle thickness was 0,78 mm, and the average sheath length was 17,37 mm. The average cone length was 57,13 mm, the average cone width was 27,39 mm, and the average cone width/height ratio was 0,49. Following the measurements, the data was subjected to the Tukey HSD test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to ascertain how the elevation and aspect groups affected the needle and cone properties. According to the analysis results; the shortest needles and sheaths were recorded at the lowest elevation. Again, it was determined that the stand in the northern aspect group of the same elevation step had thicker and wider needles than all other stands. The most significant change among morphological characters was recorded in cone widths. It was discovered that cone widths grew as altitude increased.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Karaçam, İbre, Kozalak, Topoğrafya, Karabük., Pinus nigra, Needle, Cone, Topography
