Miniaturized Antenna Array-Based Novel Metamaterial Technology for Reconfigurable MIMO Systems

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dc.authoridATASOY, FERHAT/0000-0002-1672-0593
dc.authoridHussein, Humam/0000-0001-8452-4511
dc.authoridElwi, Taha/0000-0002-8389-5457
dc.contributor.authorHussein, Humam
dc.contributor.authorAtasoy, Ferhat
dc.contributor.authorElwi, Taha A.
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-29T16:08:15Z
dc.date.available2024-09-29T16:08:15Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentKarabük Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractIn this work, a highly miniaturized microstrip antenna array based on two elements is proposed for multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) application systems at sub-6 GHz frequency bands. The antenna is structured from a meander line in conjugate with an interdigital capacitor when excited through the monopole basic antenna. The proposed antenna elements are separated with a Minkowski factor-shaped metamaterial (MTM) column to achieve a separation distance (D) of 0.08 & lambda; at 3 GHz when printed on an FR-4 substrate. Later on, the antenna performance in terms of bandwidth and gain is controlled using a photonic process based on optical active switches based on light-dependent resistances (LDR). Therefore, the reconfiguration complexity with such a technique can be eliminated significantly without the need for a biasing circuit. The antenna design was conducted through several parametric studies to arrive at the optimal design that realizes the frequency bandwidth between 3 and 5.5 GHz with a maximum gain of about 4.5 dBi when all LDR terminals are off. For a wireless channel performance study-based massive MIMO environment, the proposed antenna is suitable to be configured in arrays of 64 x 64 elements. From this study, it was found the maximum bit error rate (BER) does not exceed 0.15 with a channel capacity (CC) of 2 Gbps. For validation, the antenna was fabricated based on two elements and tested experimentally. Finally, it was revealed that the measured results agree very well with simulations after comparing the theoretical calculations with the measured data.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/s23135871
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220
dc.identifier.issue13en_US
dc.identifier.pmid37447721en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85164846173en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/s23135871
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/7425
dc.identifier.volume23en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001028376800001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMdpien_US
dc.relation.ispartofSensorsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subject5Gen_US
dc.subjectMIMOen_US
dc.subjectsub-6en_US
dc.subjectMTMen_US
dc.subjectreconfigurableen_US
dc.subjectBERen_US
dc.titleMiniaturized Antenna Array-Based Novel Metamaterial Technology for Reconfigurable MIMO Systemsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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