Emprenyeli ağaç malzeme üzerine uygulanan yangın geciktirici üst yüzey işlemlerinin yanma direncine etkileri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2016
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Karabük Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ağaç malzeme, insanlık tarihi boyunca kullanılan en eski yapı malzemelerdendir. Günümüzdeki teknolojik gelişmelerle çok sayıda ve farklı özelliklerde yeni malzemelerin üretilerek kullanılmasına rağmen ağaç mazeme, sahip olduğu doğal yapısı ve teknik özellikleri nedeniyle günümüzde de iç mimaride, dekorasyonda ve yapı endüstrideki önemini korumakta ve tercih edilmesinidevam ettirmektedir. Ağaç malzemenin birçok olumlu özellilkerine karşılık bazı olumsuz özellikleri de bulunmaktatır. En önemli olumsuz yönü ise yanmasıdır. Ağaç malzeme, doğal olarak kimyasal yapısında karbon ve hidrojen içerdiği için yanmaya müsaittir. Ağaç malzemenin teknik ve ekonomik ömrünü, farklı tür ve özellikteki doğal ve kimyasalmaddelerle emprenye ederek veya üst yüzey işlem uygulamalarıyla uzatmak mümkündür. Ağaç malzemeye emprenye ve üst yüzey işlem uygulamalarınınendüstride uygulanabilir olmasında fayda/maliyet unsuru daönemlidirBu çalışmada; sarıçam, doğu kayını, göknar, dişbudak, meşe, kestane ve maun ağaç malzemelerinden elde edilen deney örnekleri hava kurusu rutubette (%12) ve 9,5x19x1016mm ± 0,8 mm boyutlarında hazırlandıktan sonra, uzun süreli daldırma metoduyla boraks, borik asit, amonyum sülfat, çinko klorür ve sodyum silikat kimyasalları ileemprenye edilerek,üst yüzey işlemlerindeyangın geciktirici özellikli nano vernik ve boya maddeleri uygulanmış veASTM-E 69 esaslarına göre yanmaya karşı direnç özellikleri araştırılmıştır.Deneylerde; tam kuru yoğunluk (g/cm3), hava kurusu yoğunluk (g/cm3), emprenye maddelerinin retensiyon miktarları, vernik ve boya katman kalınlıkları (µm), ortalama ağırlık kayıpları (%) ve ortalama en yüksek sıcaklık değerleri (oC) belirlenmiştir.Sonuç olarak; en yüksek tam kuru yoğunluk (0,65 g/cm3) ve hava kurusu yoğunluk (0,69 g/cm3) ile meşe ağaç malzeme örneklerinde, en yüksek emprenye maddesi retensiyon (net tutunma) oranı % 4,73 ile sodyum silikatla emprenye edilen göknar ağaç malzeme örneklerinde, en fazla vernik katman kalınlığı (110 µm) ile sarıçam ağaç malzeme örneklerinde, en fazla boya katman kalınlığı ise (116 µm) ile kestane ağaç malzeme örneklerinde ölçülmüştür. Yanma deneyleri sonunda; en fazla ağırlık kaybı değeri% 99,19 ile göknar ağaç malzemesinin emprenyesiz ve üst yüzey işlemsiz (verniksiz, boyasız) kontrol örneklerinde,en az ağırlık kaybı değeri ise% 10,96ilemeşe ağaç malzemesinin borik asit ile emprenyeli veüst yüzey işleminde yangın geciktirici boya uygulanmış örneklerindeölçülmüştür. Yanma deneyleri sonunda; en yüksek sıcaklık değeri 732 oC ile meşe ağaç malzemesinin emprenyesiz ve üst yüzey işlemsiz (verniksiz, boyasız) kontrol örneklerinde, en düşük üst sıcaklık değeri ise 160 oC ile amonyum sülfat ile emprenyeli, üst yüzey işleminde yangın geciktirici boya uygulanmışdoğu kayını ağaç malzemesi örnekleri ile çinko klorür ile emprenyeli, üst yüzey işlemsiz(verniksiz, boyasız) meşe örneklerindeölçülmüştür.
Wood is one of the oldest building materials used throughout human history. Despite the production and use of numerous new materials with different properties, made possible by today's technological advancements, wood has still retained its value and importance and preference in the industry, owing to its natural structure and technical properties. In contrast to its many positive characteristics, wood also has some negative features. Its most significant negative property is its flammability. Wood is combustible, for it naturally contains carbon and hydrogen in its chemical structure. It is possible to prolong technical and economic life of wood material by impregnating it with different natural or chemical substances, or by surfacetreatments. The cost/benefit element, as well as preference and applicability are important in wood impregnation and surface treatment of wood materials. In this study, samples obtained from pine, beech, fir, ash, oak, chestnut and mahogany trees were prepared in 9,5x19x1016mm ± 0,8mm dimensions in 12% moisture content, and then impregnated with boric acid, ammonium sulfate, zinc chloride and sodium silicate using prolonged immersion method, and were surface-treated with fire retardant nano varnish and paint. The combustion resistance properties of the impregnated and surface-treated materials were investigated according to ASTM - E 69 standards. Full dry and air dry densities of the samples were determined according to the standard. In this experiments; oven-dry density (g/cm3), air-dried density (g/cm3), amounts retention of materials, varnish and paint layer thicknesses (µm), average weight loss (%) and the average maximum temperature values (°C) were determined. As a result; The highest full dry density (0.65 g/cm3) and air dry density (0.69 g/cm3) was measured with oak wood samples, the highest retention of the impregnated material was seen on Fir wood samples (% 4.73) impregnated with sodium silicate, the highest varnish layer thickness (110 ?m) was seen on pine wood samples, the highest paint layer thickness (116 ?m) were measured in samples with chestnut wood. By the end of the combustion experiments; the maximum weight loss value was measured as 99,19% in the unimpregnated and upper-surface material unapplied check samples of fir wood material while the minimum weight loss value was measured as 10,96% in the boric acid impregnated and during the upper-surface treatment process fire retardant paint applied samples of oak wood material By the end of the combustion experiments; the highest upper temperature value was measured as 732 °C in the unimpregnated and upper-surface material unapplied check samples of oak wood material while the lowest upper temperature value was measured as 160 °C in the ammonium sulfate impregnated and during the upper-surface treatment process fire retardant paint applied samples of oak and zinc chloride impregnated, upper-surface untreatment process was measured samples of oak wood material
Wood is one of the oldest building materials used throughout human history. Despite the production and use of numerous new materials with different properties, made possible by today's technological advancements, wood has still retained its value and importance and preference in the industry, owing to its natural structure and technical properties. In contrast to its many positive characteristics, wood also has some negative features. Its most significant negative property is its flammability. Wood is combustible, for it naturally contains carbon and hydrogen in its chemical structure. It is possible to prolong technical and economic life of wood material by impregnating it with different natural or chemical substances, or by surfacetreatments. The cost/benefit element, as well as preference and applicability are important in wood impregnation and surface treatment of wood materials. In this study, samples obtained from pine, beech, fir, ash, oak, chestnut and mahogany trees were prepared in 9,5x19x1016mm ± 0,8mm dimensions in 12% moisture content, and then impregnated with boric acid, ammonium sulfate, zinc chloride and sodium silicate using prolonged immersion method, and were surface-treated with fire retardant nano varnish and paint. The combustion resistance properties of the impregnated and surface-treated materials were investigated according to ASTM - E 69 standards. Full dry and air dry densities of the samples were determined according to the standard. In this experiments; oven-dry density (g/cm3), air-dried density (g/cm3), amounts retention of materials, varnish and paint layer thicknesses (µm), average weight loss (%) and the average maximum temperature values (°C) were determined. As a result; The highest full dry density (0.65 g/cm3) and air dry density (0.69 g/cm3) was measured with oak wood samples, the highest retention of the impregnated material was seen on Fir wood samples (% 4.73) impregnated with sodium silicate, the highest varnish layer thickness (110 ?m) was seen on pine wood samples, the highest paint layer thickness (116 ?m) were measured in samples with chestnut wood. By the end of the combustion experiments; the maximum weight loss value was measured as 99,19% in the unimpregnated and upper-surface material unapplied check samples of fir wood material while the minimum weight loss value was measured as 10,96% in the boric acid impregnated and during the upper-surface treatment process fire retardant paint applied samples of oak wood material By the end of the combustion experiments; the highest upper temperature value was measured as 732 °C in the unimpregnated and upper-surface material unapplied check samples of oak wood material while the lowest upper temperature value was measured as 160 °C in the ammonium sulfate impregnated and during the upper-surface treatment process fire retardant paint applied samples of oak and zinc chloride impregnated, upper-surface untreatment process was measured samples of oak wood material
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Orman Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ağaç İşleri, Wood Products
