Use of a Lewis acid, a Bronsted acid, and their binary mixtures for the liquefaction of lignocellulose by supercritical ethanol processing

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dc.authoridALPER, Koray/0000-0001-6845-2087
dc.authoridKaragoz, Selhan/0000-0003-4794-6525
dc.authoridWang, Yun-Yan/0000-0002-0866-4640
dc.authoridRagauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X
dc.authoridTekin, Kubilay/0000-0002-9373-3208
dc.contributor.authorAlper, Koray
dc.contributor.authorWang, Yun-Yan
dc.contributor.authorMeng, Xianzhi
dc.contributor.authorTekin, Kubilay
dc.contributor.authorKaragoz, Selhan
dc.contributor.authorRagauskas, Arthur J.
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-29T16:01:04Z
dc.date.available2024-09-29T16:01:04Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentKarabük Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractSupercritical ethanol liquefaction of teak wood was carried out at 300 degrees C for 30 min without and with the use of Mg(ClO4)(2), HClO4, and HClO4/Mg(ClO4)(2) at various loadings (2-10 mmol). The bio-oil yield from the non-catalytic supercritical ethanol liquefaction of teak wood was similar to 41 wt%. The highest bio-oil yield (similar to 58.2 wt%) was obtained with the catalytic run using 2 mmol of Mg(ClO4)(2). In the catalyzed trials, with the use of either Mg(ClO4)(2) or HClO4, an increase in catalyst amounts resulted in a decrease in bio-oil yields. There was no clear trend for the use of co-catalysts. A degree of de-oxygenation was observed with the use of the catalysts studied. The O/C atomic ratio of the bio-oil from the non-catalytic was 0.44. The O/C atomic ratios in the bio-oil produced from catalytic runs ranged from 0.25 to 0.38. In the bio-oil from the non-catalytic run, the major compound was phenolic species, whereas esters were dominant in the bio-oils from the catalytic runs. The type of catalyst and its amount had significant effects on the product distributions and compositions. The prominent ester compounds were ethyl lactate and ethyl levulinate. The highest relative yield of ethyl levulinate was 49.1% and obtained with the use of the Mg(ClO4)(2)/HClO4 (2 mmol : 10 mmol) catalyst. The heating values of the bio-oils from catalytic runs were higher than that of the non-catalytic run. The highest heating value of 31.21 MJ kg(-1) was obtained with the Mg(ClO4)(2)/HClO4 (2 mmol : 10 mmol) catalyst.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipAJR's Governor's Chair by the University of Tennesseeen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipAJR, YY-W and XM wish to acknowledge funding in part from AJR's Governor's Chair by the University of Tennessee.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1039/d1se01316e
dc.identifier.endpage5453en_US
dc.identifier.issn2398-4902
dc.identifier.issue21en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85118446762en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage5445en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1039/d1se01316e
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/5513
dc.identifier.volume5en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000703904500001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherRoyal Soc Chemistryen_US
dc.relation.ispartofSustainable Energy & Fuelsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectHydrothermal Liquefactionen_US
dc.subjectSaccharina-Japonicaen_US
dc.subjectLevulinic Aciden_US
dc.subjectGreen Solventen_US
dc.subjectEthyl Lactateen_US
dc.subjectHigh-Yielden_US
dc.subjectBiomassen_US
dc.subjectLigninen_US
dc.subjectConversionen_US
dc.subjectDepolymerizationen_US
dc.titleUse of a Lewis acid, a Bronsted acid, and their binary mixtures for the liquefaction of lignocellulose by supercritical ethanol processingen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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