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Öğe Adhesive Type's Effects on Adhesive Strength of Densified Reinforced Laminated Wood Obtained from Black Poplar (Populus nigra L.)(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2023) Yalcin, Ilker; Esen, RasitWood material is the most critical indoor and outdoor building element that has not changed since ancient times. Previous studies have determined that the mechanical properties of tree species with low industrial importance, such as poplar wood, can be improved when they are subjected to the densification process. In addition, it has been determined in studies that the lamination process has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the wood material. This study aimed to assess the impact of the glue type on the bonding strength during the lamination process of the densified black poplar (Populus nigra L.) using reinforcement material. Wood materials were subjected to densification at 140 degrees C for 10 min. Then, the densified boards were laminated in 3 layers with a reinforcement element (KevlartiD (R), fiberglass, and carbon fiber) between the two wooden boards. It was determined that the best result was obtained with the combination of Akfix polyurethane resin type and carbon fiber reinforcement material (8.49 N/mm2).Öğe The analysis of living room furniture and room spaces used by families relation of West Black Sea Region in Turkey(Elsevier - Division Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd, 2019) Esen, Rasit; Uysal, BurhanettinIn this study, determining the satisfaction levels between the Living Room furniture and the Living Room space of the families living in the West Black Sea Region is aimed. To this end, to the users living in the houses in the center of six cities located in the West Black Sea Region in Turkey, a survey was applied. In the wake of the conducted survey; demographic features, satisfaction levels from the Living Room furniture, furniture renewal necessity, Living Room-space analyses of the families living in the West Black Sea Region was acquired. In the last ten years, the Living Room furniture renewal number was found to have changed accordingly with the number of house changing and the economic condition of the families. (C) 2019 Karabuk University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.Öğe The color changes on varnish layers after accelerated aging through the hot and cold-check test(Academic Journals, 2010) Budakci, Mehmet; Korkut, Derya Sevim; Esen, RasitThe purpose of this paper is to determine the color changes of cellulosic, polyurethane and acrylic varnish layers which were applied on the surfaces of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Eastern beech (Fagus orientalis L.) and sessile oak (Quercus petraea L.) wood material after accelerated aging effects through the hot and cold-check test. For this purpose, test samples were firstly kept at 50 +/- 5 degrees C temperature for 1 h, and then conditioned for 1 h in a conditioning room, later moved to -20 +/- 2 degrees C temperature keeping for 1 h according to ASTM D1211-97 standard. These processes were accepted as 1 cycle and tests were continued to 20 cycles. Then the color changes were determined by using Minolta CR-231 device of tristimulus colorimeter according to ASTM D2244-07e1 standard. It was found that most color change was determined in cellulosic, polyurethane and acrylic varnish layers on the surfaces of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Eastern beech (F. orientalis L.) and sessile oak (Q. petraea L.) wood material. The endurance of the protective coating (such as paint and varnish) to external effects is limited and the lifetime of the coating is determined by the type and the severity of the effects to which it is exposed. The effect of a color change on varnish layers can determine the usefulness of the varnish. It is conjectured that especially for the manufacturers and consumers in the furniture and decoration sector, the data obtained in this study will contribute to the making up of deficiencies in the understanding of the subject.Öğe COMPARISION OF THE MULTIPLE REGRESSION, ANN, AND ANFIS MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF MOE VALUE OF OSB PANELS(Slovak Forest Products Research Inst, 2016) Yapici, Fatih; Senyer, Nurettin; Esen, RasitThis research investigates the prediction of modulus of elasticity (MOE) properties, which is the most important properties in many applications, of the oriented strand board (OSB) produced under different conditions (pressing time, pressing pressure, pressing temperature and adhesive ratios) by multiple regression, artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive Neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Software computing techniques are now being used instead of statistical methods. It was found that the constructed ANFIS exhibited a higher performance than multiple regression and ANN for predicting MOE.Software computing techniques are very useful for precision industrial applications and, also determining which method gives the highest accurate result.Öğe Compression Strength Perpendicular to Grain Characteristics of Impregnated Laminated Veneer Lumbers Exposed to Sea Water(Inst Forestry Lrcaf, 2016) Esen, Rasit; Kurt, Seref; Ozcan, CemalThe purpose of this study is to determine the compression strength perpendicular to grain of laminated veneer lumber exposed to sea water 3, 6, 9 and 12 months and obtained from Scots pine by using different adhesive and impregnating materials. While the highest compression strength perpendicular to grain is obtained from then unimpregnated samples, which are not exposed to sea water, with 39.56 N/mm(2) the lowest compression strength perpendicular to grain is obtained from the unimpregnated samples exposed to sea water for 12 months with 10.94 N/mm(2).Öğe Effect of dowels and adhesive types on withdrawal strength in particleboard and MDF(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Ozcan, Cemal; Uysal, Burhanettin; Kurt, Seref; Esen, RasitComposite materials and wooden dowels are being used increasingly in the construction of furniture frames and inner decoration. However, there is little information available concerning the withdrawal strength of various fasteners and in particular, dowels in these materials. The aim of this study was to determine the withdrawal strengths of 6, 8, and 10mm diameter dowels produced from different wood species bonded parallel or vertical to the surfaces of a medium-density fiberboard (MDF) or particleboard with poly vinylacetate or Desmodur (D-VTKA). According to TS 4539 standard, the effect of dowel species, direction of withdrawal, board type and the type of adhesive on the withdrawal strength were determined. The highest (8.35N/mm(2)) withdrawal strength was obtained for oak dowels bonded with D-VTKA adhesive vertically to the surface of MDF. This value is higher than the predictive expression that allows designers to estimate the withdrawal strength of dowels.Öğe THE EFFECT OF EDGE BANDING THICKNESS OF SOME TREES ON WITHDRAWAL STRENGTH OF BEECH DOWEL PINS IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL(Slovak Forest Products Research Inst, 2011) Yapici, Fatih; Likos, Erkan; Esen, RasitComposite materials and wooden dowels are being used increasingly in the construction of furniture frames and inner decoration. Yet there is little information available concerning the withdrawal strength of various fasteners, and, in particular, dowels in composite materials edged solid wood edge bandings. The aim of this study was to determine the withdrawal strengths of 6, 8, 10 mm diameter dowels produced from beech with respect to edge of a medium-density fiberboard (MDF) or particleboard (PB) edged with 5, 10 and 15 mm thickness of solid wood edge banding of scotch pine, oriental beech and lime tree, bonded with hot-melt, poly (vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and Desmodur-VTKA (D-VTKA), a polyurethane based one-component adhesive. The effects of edge banding thickness, dimension of dowels, type of composite materials and type of adhesives used for edge banding on the withdrawal strength were determined. The highest (6.68 N.mm(-2)) withdrawal strength was obtained in beech dowels with 8 mm diameter for MDF with 5 mm thickness of solid wood edge banding of bonded beech with D-VTKA adhesive.Öğe THE EFFECT OF GRAIN ANGLE AND SPECIES ON THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF SOME SELECTED WOOD SPECIES(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2011) Yapici, Fatih; Ozcifci, Ayhan; Esen, Rasit; Kurt, SerefIn this study the thermal conductivity of different wood materials was determined. For this purpose, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Uludag fir (Abies Bornmulleriana Matff), Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L), Oak (Quercus robur L.), and Chestnut of Anatolia (Castanea sativa Mill.) woods were used. In the test, the thermal conductivity of the woods was measured according to procedure of ASTM C 1113-99 standards. The lowest thermal conductivity was obtained in the perpendicular direction of Scots pine samples as 0.156 Kcal/mh degrees C. The highest thermal conductivity was obtained from perpendicular direction of samples in Oriental beech as 0.331 Kcal/mh degrees C.Öğe The Effects of Exposure to Sea Water Steam on Thermal Conductivity of Varnished Fir Wood(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2012) Esen, Rasit; Ozcan, Cemal; Likos, Erkan; Ozkan, Osman EmreIn this study, the thermal conductivity of varnished fir wood exposed to sea water steam was investigated. For this purpose, test samples were coated by using varnishing goldspar (polyurethane varnish), original (synthetic varnish), perfection (polyurethane varnish), and schooner varnishes (synthetic varnish). After applying furnished process, samples were exposed to sea water steam during 6, 24, 60, and 96 hours. It was found that the vapour application has decreased the chemical and physical structure of test material. The thermal conductivity test was performed based on the ASTM C 1113-99 hot-wire method.Öğe The Effects of Fire Retardants Paint on Combustion Properties of Fir Wood(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2012) Ozcan, Cemal; Esen, Rasit; Likos, Erkan; Kurt, Seref; Yapici, FatihThe effects of fire retardants paint on combustion properties of fir (Abies bornmulleriana M.) were examined. For this purpose, fire retardants paint were applied on the surface of test sample according to company's suggestions. The combustion test was performed according to the ASTM-E 69 standard. The mass reduction, release of gasses (CO, NO, O-2), and temperature differences of samples were determined for each 30 seconds during combustion. It was observed that the highest mass reduction occurred in fir wood with fire retardant paint.Öğe The Effects of Humidity on Thermal Conductivity of Fir Wood(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2012) Esen, Rasit; Likos, Erkan; Ozcan, Cemal; Korkmaz, Mustafa; Kilinc, IzhamIn this study it was aimed to describe the effects of different humidity on thermal conductivity of Uludag Fir (Abies bornmulleriana M.). The lowest thermal conductivity of 0.0910 Kcal/mh degrees C was obtained from oven-dry samples. The highest thermal conductivity of 0.1904 Kcal/mh degrees C was obtained in completely wet samples. Consequently, oven-dry wood samples could be used as insulation material.Öğe The Effects of Using Different Adhesive on the Thickness Swelling Ratio of LVL Produced from Scotch Pine(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2022) Esen, Rasit; Likos, Erkan; Zengin, GozdeMost wood properties are affected by changes in moisture content below the wood fiber saturation point. In this study, the thickness swelling ratios of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) produced from Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) bonded by using polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate (pMDI), and a mixture of them were evaluated. Thickness swelling of the samples was calculated after different waiting times under water. While the lowest thickness swelling ratio (1.65%) was determined from bonding with PVAc 92%-pMDI 8%, for 2 hours, the highest thickness swelling ratio (6.35%) was observed from bonding with PVAc 98%-pMDI 2% adhesive for 96 hours. As a result, adding pMDI to the PVAc adhesive reduced the rate of swelling of the test specimens. For this reason, the material can be used potentially in wet or humid places.Öğe IMPACTS OF IMPREGNATION CHEMICALS ON FINISHING PROCESS AND COMBUSTION PROPERTIES OF ORIENTAL BEECH (FAGUS ORIENTALIS L.) WOOD(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2011) Yapici, Fatih; Uysal, Burhanettin; Kurt, Seref; Esen, Rasit; Ozcan, CemalEffects of the impregnation materials borax, boric acid, and Tanalith-E on combustion properties of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) were investigated. The immersion method was used for long-term impregnation (24 h). After the impregnation process, polyurethane as well as synthetic, acid hardening, and water-based varnishes were applied on the wood sample surfaces according to company's suggests. The combustion test was performed according to the ASTM-E 69 standard. The mass reduction, release of gasses (CO, NO, O-2), and the temperature differences of samples were determined for each 30 seconds during combustion. It was shown that the most mass reduction occurred when both polyurethane varnish and boric acid were applied.Öğe Modeling of Compressive Strength Parallel to Grain of Heat Treated Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Wood by Using Artificial Neural Network(Zagreb Univ, Fac Forestry, 2015) Yapici, Fatih; Esen, Rasit; Erkaymaz, Okan; Bas, HasanIn this study, the compressive strength of heat treated Scotch Pine was modeled using artificial neural network. The compressive strength (CS) value parallel to grain was determined after exposing the wood to heat treatment at temperature of 130, 145, 160, 175, 190 and 205 degrees C for 3, 6, 9, 12 hours. The experimental data was evaluated by using multiple variance analysis. Secondly, the effect of heat treatment on the CS of samples was modeled by using artificial neural network (ANN).Öğe Prediction of Withdrawal Strength of Nail of Uludag Fir Wood by Using Artificial Neural Network (ANNs)(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2012) Yapici, Fatih; Esen, Rasit; Kurt, Seref; Likos, Erkan; Erkaymaz, OkanIn this study, the effects of type of nails material and grain angle of wood on the withdrawal strength of nail have been researched. For this purpose specimens were firstly cut in different sections from Uludag Fir (Abies bornmulleriana M.) wood. The tests of static nail strength were carried out according to the standards of TS EN 13446. Secondly, an artificial neural network system was built by using data obtained in an experimental study for the prediction of withdrawal nail strength. The comparison between the experimental data and predicted data was also carried out.Öğe Variable Climate's Effect on Wood Material's Equilibrium Moisture Content in Turkey(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2020) Esen, Rasit; Turudu, CanerSome negative attributes of wood material have numerous practical consequences. The most important of these attributes is that wood, as a hygroscopic material, is dependent on the relative humidity of its environment. The hygroscopic nature of wood material can lead to serious problems when used in doors, windows, and interior or exterior decoration materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on wood materials equilibrium moisture due to different climates in selected provinces in Turkey. This study examined pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Quercus rubra L.) woods, both of which are commonly used in industry. Over 12 months, the equilibrium moisture value of these wood was determined in the Bursa, Antalya, Izmir, Malatya, Trabzon, Karat:kik, Van, and Kars provinces of Turkey. Pine and oak samples, prepared per standards TS 2471 (1976) and TS 2472 (1976), were taken from these provinces each month, and the equilibrium moisture values were determined. It was observed that the use of Scotch pine wood samples for both indoor and outdoor use was more appropriate over the 12-month period. Malatya was the province in which the Scotch pine samples were the least affected. It was also determined that Van was the most suitable province for the interior use of oak wood material. It was not found that indoor use gave better results than outdoor use.
